Housing: The main pump housing is a robust and durable component that encloses the internal parts of the pump.
It is typically made of high-quality materials, such as cast iron or steel, to withstand heavy loads and harsh operating conditions.
Drive Shaft: The drive shaft connects the pump to the engine or motor, transmitting power to drive the hydraulic system. It needs to be precisely machined and hardened to ensure efficient power transmission and long-lasting performance.
Piston Assembly: The piston assembly is responsible for generating hydraulic pressure by reciprocating within the pump. It consists of pistons, piston rings, and cylinder blocks. The pistons are usually made of high-strength materials, such as steel or aluminum alloy, to withstand the high pressures and ensure smooth movement.
Valve Plate Assembly: The valve plate assembly controls the flow of hydraulic fluid within the pump. It consists of valve plates, which have precise patterns of holes and channels. These plates are typically made of hardened steel or other wear-resistant materials to ensure longevity and prevent leakage.
Swash Plate: The swash plate converts the rotational motion of the drive shaft into reciprocating motion of the pistons. It is a critical component for regulating the displacement of the pump, which determines the hydraulic flow rate. Swash plates are often made of hardened steel or other durable materials to withstand the continuous sliding motion.
Bearings: The main pump incorporates various bearings to support rotating components and reduce friction. These bearings must be high-quality and properly lubricated to ensure smooth operation and minimize wear and tear. Common types of bearings used in the main pump include ball bearings and roller bearings.
Seals and Gaskets: Seals and gaskets are essential for preventing hydraulic fluid leakage and maintaining the pump's efficiency. They are typically made of rubber or other elastomeric materials with excellent sealing properties. These components need to withstand high pressures, temperature variations, and chemical exposure.
Shaft Seals: Shaft seals are crucial for preventing fluid leakage around the drive shaft.
They are usually made of rubber or composite materials and designed to withstand high pressures and rotational speeds. Proper installation and maintenance of shaft seals are vital for the pump's performance and longevity.
Mounting Flange: The mounting flange provides a secure attachment point for the main pump to the excavator's frame or engine. It needs to be rigid and accurately machined to ensure proper alignment and minimize vibration.
Filters and Strainers: Filters and strainers are often included in the main pump to remove contaminants from the hydraulic fluid. These components help to prolong the pump's life by preventing damage caused by debris or particles.